Antivenom is an immunoglobulin or immunoglobulin fragment extracted from the plasma of immunized animals to fight against one or more snake venoms. The World Health Organization (who) calls antivenom the only specific drug for the treatment of snake bites. It is listed in the World Health Organization’s list of essential drugs, which effectively reduces the incidence rate and mortality of snake bites.
If the timely treatment of snakebite is not provided by antivenom, the mortality and disability rate will increase significantly. In June 2017, the World Health Organization officially listed snakebite as the top priority of the neglected tropical disease. In the 71st World Health Assembly in May 2019, the World Health Organization reviewed the report on the global burden of snakebite and launched the global strategy for prevention and control of snakebite. The goal is to reduce the mortality and disability rate caused by snakebite by 50% by 2030.
Market situation of antivenom
According to the report released by the World Health Organization in September 2017, it is estimated that 5.4 million people are bitten by snakes every year in the world, of which 2.7 million are bitten by venomous snakes, with the number of deaths reaching 81000-138000. The number of amputees and other permanent disabilities is about three times the number of deaths. Poisonous snake bite can lead to severe respiratory paralysis, fatal bleeding, irreversible renal failure and severe local tissue damage, and even permanent disability and death such as amputation in severe cases.
According to the comprehensive analysis of the main toxic components of snake venom, the biological effects that can make people fatally disabled and the clinical characteristics, the venom can be divided into four major categories: neurotoxins (such as Golden Snake, Bungarus multicinctus, and Sea Snake), blood circulation toxins (Agkistrodon acutus, Viper, Bamyeqing, and Tietou), microcystins (Cobra), and mixed toxins (Agkistrodon halys, King Cobra). The distribution of venomous snakes has a special regional character, and the species and toxicity of venomous snakes in different regions are quite different. The major poisonous snakes in China are:
Antivenom is an immunoglobulin or immunoglobulin fragment extracted from the plasma of immunized animals to fight against one or more kinds of snake venoms. The World Health Organization (who) calls antivenom the only specific drug for the treatment of snake bites. It is listed in the World Health Organization’s list of essential drugs, which effectively reduces incidence rate and mortality. Poisonous snake bite.
Post time: Sep-20-2022